What is an eminent domain?

An eminent domain refers to the government's authority to take private property for public use, provided that the owner is compensated fairly. This power is rooted in the necessity to serve the public good, such as building infrastructure like highways, parks, schools, or public utilities. Eminent domain ensures that individual property rights are respected while also allowing for the development of essential community resources.

The concept revolves around balancing private property rights with the needs of society, making it a critical aspect of property law and government function. The requirement for just compensation is vital to protect property owners from arbitrary seizure of their land and ensures that the process remains fair and equitable. Thus, the definition aligned with the concept of eminent domain is the right to take private property for public use, distinguishing it from other options related to property tax exemptions, development approvals, or assessment requirements, which focus on different aspects of property management and governance.